Non-Human Identities Overtake Passwords as Enterprise Security's Primary Attack Surface

Non-human identities (API keys, service accounts, OAuth tokens) now outnumber human users in cloud environments, yet most enterprises lack adequate governance and visibility. Attackers are shifting from password attacks to exploiting unmanaged credentials and overprivileged machine identities across development and cloud infrastructure. Organizations must adopt layered defenses covering secrets detection, identity lifecycle management, and certificate automation to secure this fastest-growing attack surface.