Europe's Federated Shortcut to Sovereign Frontier AI

Europe's tens of exaflops of public AI compute could deliver a frontier-class AI model by 2028—five years before new megadatacenters come online. Federated, low-communication training across EuroHPC and national AI facilities could enable AI sovereignty without waiting for gigawatt-scale infrastructure. This challenges the assumption that frontier AI requires building from scratch, showing that mature economies can strategically leverage existing public compute to compete with US-based AI labs.