Frontend at Scale: The Essential Architecture for a Million Users

Scaling a frontend application from 100K to 1M+ users requires deliberate architectural decisions across CDN strategy, code splitting, and state management—not just incremental optimizations. The critical distinction lies in separating server state (handled by React Query or SWR) from client state (managed with Redux or local component state), combined with proper caching and lazy loading strategies. These architectural choices compound into dramatic performance gains and cost savings at scale.