How Compressed Sparse Row encoding gives graph databases a 462x analytics speedup

ArcadeDB added an OLAP layer using Compressed Sparse Row (CSR) encoding, storing graph topology as flat integer arrays instead of pointer-chasing. This yields up to 462x speedups—PageRank drops from 54s to 117ms on a 500K vertex/8M edge graph—while coexisting with the OLTP engine for both transactional and analytical workloads. Benchmarks were run against Neo4j, DuckDB, Kuzu, Memgraph, and FalkorDB using LDBC Graphalytics and LSQB.