Golang. M:P:G Model

The M:P:G model is Go's core concurrency mechanism, combining lightweight Goroutines (G) with a fixed set of logical Processors (P) and dynamically managed OS Threads (M) for efficient CPU utilization and massive scalability. Goroutines start with a 2 KB stack, achieve ~200 ns context switches by saving/restoring a small gobuf structure instead of making kernel calls, and transition through states like _Grunnable, _Grunning, _Gwaiting, and _Gsyscall to enable transparent blocking and intelligent load balancing via work stealing.