Beyond Fuzzing: How the Certora Solana Prover Catches Bugs at the Bytecode Level That Fuzzers Miss

The article explains the 'verification gap' between Rust source code and compiled SBF bytecode on Solana, where compiler optimizations can silently remove safety checks like overflow guards. It introduces the Certora Solana Prover (SCP), which performs formal verification directly on compiled bytecode rather than source code, catching compiler-introduced vulnerabilities and cross-program invocation issues that fuzzers and source-level audits miss.